BBH Chapter 25 · Niphal Weak Verbs
For each Hebrew form, identify: (1) Stem (Qal or Niphal), (2) Conjugation, (3) PGN (write — for non-finite), (4) Root.
| # | Hebrew | Stem | Conjugation | PGN | Root | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | גָּלָה | |||||
| Qal · Perfect · 3ms · גלה — Qamets under first root letter, ָה ending = Qal Perfect 3ms of III-ה root. "he uncovered / went into exile." | ||||||
| 2 | נִגְלָה | |||||
| Niphal · Perfect · 3ms · גלה — נִ prefix + ָה ending (III-ה). "he was revealed / revealed himself." | ||||||
| 3 | נָפַל | |||||
| Qal · Perfect · 3ms · נפל — Qamets–patach vowel pattern without any dagesh forte = Qal. "he fell." | ||||||
| 4 | נִפַּל | |||||
| Niphal · Perfect · 3ms · נפל — נִ prefix + dagesh forte in פּ identifies this as the Niphal Perfect (not Qal, which has no dagesh). | ||||||
| 5 | שָׁב | |||||
| Qal · Perfect · 3ms · שׁוב — Hollow root: the middle vav/yod contracts; only two letters visible in the perfect. "he returned." | ||||||
| 6 | נָשׁוּב | |||||
| Niphal · Perfect · 3ms · שׁוב — נָ prefix before hollow root; ū vowel (vav) preserved = Niphal Perfect. "he was brought back / returned." | ||||||
| 7 | רָאָה | |||||
| Qal · Perfect · 3ms · ראה — III-ה + guttural (א) root; no נִ prefix = Qal. "he saw." | ||||||
| 8 | נִרְאָה | |||||
| Niphal · Perfect · 3ms · ראה — נִ prefix + ָה ending. "he appeared / was seen." Classic theophany verb in the OT. | ||||||
| 9 | יִגָּלֶה | |||||
| Niphal · Imperfect · 3ms · גלה — Dagesh forte in גּ (assimilated nun of Niphal) + ֶה ending (III-ה). Contrast #10. | ||||||
| 10 | יִגְלֶה | |||||
| Qal · Imperfect · 3ms · גלה — Shewa under ג (no dagesh forte) + ֶה ending. Compare #9: the dagesh forte is the only distinguishing mark. | ||||||
| 11 | יִפֹּל | |||||
| Qal · Imperfect · 3ms · נפל — Dagesh forte in פּ is from I-נ root assimilation in Qal, not Niphal; holem theme vowel = Qal. Compare #12. | ||||||
| 12 | יִפָּל | |||||
| Niphal · Imperfect · 3ms · נפל — Qamets under פּ (not holem) + dagesh forte = Niphal Imperfect of I-נ root. The root nun assimilates into the Niphal nun, producing double dagesh effect. | ||||||
| 13 | יָשׁוּב | |||||
| Qal · Imperfect · 3ms · שׁוב — Qamets under prefix יָ + ū vowel (vav) preserved; no dagesh forte in שׁ = Qal. "he will return." | ||||||
| 14 | יִשָּׁב | |||||
| Niphal · Imperfect · 3ms · שׁוב — Hirik under prefix יִ + dagesh forte in שּׁ = Niphal Imperfect. The hollow root's middle vav contracts. Contrast with יָשׁוּב (#13). | ||||||
| 15 | וַיִּגֶּל | |||||
| Qal · Wayyiqtol · 3ms · גלה — No dagesh forte in ג; III-ה root drops final ה in wayyiqtol = Qal. "and he uncovered / went into exile." | ||||||
| 16 | וַיִּגָּל | |||||
| Niphal · Wayyiqtol · 3ms · גלה — Dagesh forte in גּ + qamets = Niphal Wayyiqtol. Compare #15: dagesh is the only distinguishing mark. "and he was revealed / revealed himself." | ||||||
| 17 | וַיִּפֹּל | |||||
| Qal · Wayyiqtol · 3ms · נפל — Dagesh forte in פּ (I-נ assimilation) + holem = Qal Wayyiqtol. Compare #18. "and he fell." | ||||||
| 18 | וַיִּפָּל | |||||
| Niphal · Wayyiqtol · 3ms · נפל — Dagesh forte in פּ + qamets = Niphal Wayyiqtol. Key contrast with #17: qamets (Niphal) vs. holem (Qal). | ||||||
| 19 | גְּלֵה | |||||
| Qal · Imperative · 2ms · גלה — Shewa under ג + ֵה ending; no הִ prefix = Qal Imperative. "Uncover! / Reveal!" | ||||||
| 20 | הִגָּלֵה | |||||
| Niphal · Imperative · 2ms · גלה — הִ prefix + dagesh forte in גּ + ֵה ending = Niphal Imperative. "Reveal yourself!" | ||||||
| 21 | גָּלֹה | |||||
| Qal · Inf. Absolute · — · גלה — Qamets under first root letter + ֹה ending; no הִ prefix = Qal Inf. Absolute of III-ה root. | ||||||
| 22 | הִגָּלֹה | |||||
| Niphal · Inf. Absolute · — · גלה — הִ prefix + dagesh forte in גּ + ֹה ending = Niphal Inf. Absolute. Compare #21 (no הִ) vs. #22 (with הִ). | ||||||
| 23 | גֹּלֶה | |||||
| Qal · Participle · ms · גלה — Holem under first root letter + ֶה ending (III-ה active participle); no נִ prefix = Qal. "one who uncovers / one going into exile." | ||||||
| 24 | נִגְלֶה | |||||
| Niphal · Participle · ms · גלה — נִ prefix + ֶה ending = Niphal Participle of III-ה root. Compare #23 (גֹּלֶה, holem, no נִ) vs. #24 (נִגְלֶה, with נִ). "one being revealed." | ||||||